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Pré-Publication, Document De Travail Année : 2020

Plankton Planet : ‘seatizen’ oceanography to assess open ocean life at the planetary scale

Thibaut Pollina
  • Fonction : Auteur
Sarah Romac
Noan Le Bescot
Calixte Berger
  • Fonction : Auteur
Sébastien Colin
Nils Haëntjens
Margaux Carmichael
  • Fonction : Auteur
David Le Guen
  • Fonction : Auteur
Johan Decelle
Frédéric Mahé
Emmanuel Malpot
  • Fonction : Auteur
Carole Beaumont
  • Fonction : Auteur
Michel Hardy
  • Fonction : Auteur
Damien Guiffant
  • Fonction : Auteur
David Gruber
Andy Allen
  • Fonction : Auteur
Gabriel Gorsky
Mick Follows
  • Fonction : Auteur
Barry Cael
  • Fonction : Auteur
Xavier Pochon
Romain Troublé
  • Fonction : Auteur
Emmanuel Boss
Manu Prakash

Résumé

Abstract In every liter of seawater there are between 10 and 100 billion life forms, mostly invisible, called plankton, which form the largest and most dynamic ecosystem on our planet, at the heart of global ecological and economic processes. While physical and chemical parameters of planktonic ecosystems are fairly well measured and modelled at the planetary scale, but biological data are still scarce due to the extreme cost and relative inflexibility of the classical vessels and instruments used to explore marine biodiversity. Here we introduce ‘ Plankton Planet ’, an initiative whose goal is to merge the creativity of researchers, makers, and mariners to ( i ) develop frugal scientific instrumentation and protocols to assess the genetic and morphological diversity of plankton life, and ( ii ) organize their systematic deployment through fleets of volunteer sailors, fishermen, or cargo-ships to generate comparable and open-access plankton data across global and long-term spatio-temporal scales. As proof-of-concept, we show how 20 crews of sailors (“planktonauts”) were abl to sample plankton biomass from the world surface ocean in a single year, generating the first citizen-based, planetary dataset of plankton biodiversity based on DNA barcodes. The quality of this dataset is comparable to that generated by Tara Oceans and is not biased by the multiplication of samplers. This dataset has unveiled significant genetic novelty and can be used to explore the taxonomic and ecological diversity of plankton at both regional and global scales. This pilot project paves the way for construction of a miniaturized, modular, evolvable, affordable and open-source citizen field-platform that will allow systematic assessment of the eco/morpho/genetic variation of aquatic ecosystems across the dimensions of the Earth system.

Dates et versions

hal-03971975 , version 1 (03-02-2023)

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Colomban de Vargas, Thibaut Pollina, Sarah Romac, Noan Le Bescot, Nicolas Henry, et al.. Plankton Planet : ‘seatizen’ oceanography to assess open ocean life at the planetary scale. 2023. ⟨hal-03971975⟩
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