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Chapitre D'ouvrage Année : 2022

The civil rights movement of Ethiopian Muslims in 2012

Résumé

During the first half of 2012, Ethiopian Muslims demonstrated with mass rallies every Friday. They were campaigning for the respect of constitutional rights to religious freedom. Their anger was particularly directed at the so-called ‘Ahbash’ movement, founded in Lebanon in the 1980s by an Ethiopian Islamic scholar. In 2011, followers of this movement were suspected of taking root in Ethiopia by promoting a doctrine that would become official with the support of the authoritarian regime under the control of the EPRDF party. This chapter examines three dimensions of this controversy that reflect the challenges of participation of Muslims to Ethiopian citizenship. First, the figure of the shaykh ʿAbdullāh al-Hararī (1920–2008), who was at the origin of the Ahbash movement, offers an insight into the long-standing divisions between Ethiopian Muslims regarding their sense of belonging to the national identity. Second, the outbreak of protests against the Ahbash doctrine followed a cycle of repeated controversies over the organisation and independence of the representative bodies of the community. Finally, the weekly demonstrations displayed the inventive dynamics of a social movement of unprecedented scale in a context of political transition before and after the death of PM Meles Zenawi in August 2012.

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Dates et versions

hal-03973080 , version 1 (03-02-2023)

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Éloi Ficquet. The civil rights movement of Ethiopian Muslims in 2012. Routledge Handbook of the Horn of Africa, 1, Routledge, pp.472-480, 2022, ⟨10.4324/9780429426957-44⟩. ⟨hal-03973080⟩
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