Phospholipase D regulates the size of skeletal muscle cells through the activation of mTOR signaling. - Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon (UMR INSERM 1052 ; CNRS 5286 ; Centre Léon Bérard) Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Cell Communication and Signaling Année : 2013

Phospholipase D regulates the size of skeletal muscle cells through the activation of mTOR signaling.

Résumé

mTOR is a major actor of skeletal muscle mass regulation in situations of atrophy or hypertrophy. It is established that Phospholipase D (PLD) activates mTOR signaling, through the binding of its product phosphatidic acid (PA) to mTOR protein. An influence of PLD on muscle cell size could thus be suspected. We explored the consequences of altered expression and activity of PLD isoforms in differentiated L6 myotubes. Inhibition or down-regulation of the PLD1 isoform markedly decreased myotube size and muscle specific protein content. Conversely, PLD1 overexpression induced muscle cell hypertrophy, both in vitro in myotubes and in vivo in mouse gastrocnemius. In the presence of atrophy-promoting dexamethasone, PLD1 overexpression or addition of exogenous PA protected myotubes against atrophy. Similarly, exogenous PA protected myotubes against TNFα-induced atrophy. Moreover, the modulation of PLD expression or activity in myotubes showed that PLD1 negatively regulates the expression of factors involved in muscle protein degradation, such as the E3-ubiquitin ligases Murf1 and Atrogin-1, and the Foxo3 transcription factor. Inhibition of mTOR by PP242 abolished the positive effects of PLD1 on myotubes, whereas modulating PLD influenced the phosphorylation of both S6K1 and Akt, which are respectively substrates of mTORC1 and mTORC2 complexes. These observations suggest that PLD1 acts through the activation of both mTORC1 and mTORC2 to induce positive trophic effects on muscle cells. This pathway may offer interesting therapeutic potentialities in the treatment of muscle wasting.
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Dates et versions

inserm-00868745 , version 1 (01-10-2013)

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Rami Jaafar, Joffrey de Larichaudy, Stéphanie Chanon, Vanessa Euthine, Christine Durand, et al.. Phospholipase D regulates the size of skeletal muscle cells through the activation of mTOR signaling.. Cell Communication and Signaling, 2013, 11 (1), pp.55. ⟨10.1186/1478-811X-11-55⟩. ⟨inserm-00868745⟩
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