Article Dans Une Revue Journal of Water and Land Development Année : 2023

The estimation of water erosion with RUSLE and deposition model: A case study of the Bin El-Ouidane dam catchment area (High Atlas, Morocco)

Wafae Nouaim
  • Fonction : Auteur
Dimitri Rambourg
  • Fonction : Auteur
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Abderrazak El Harti
  • Fonction : Auteur
Ettaqy Abderrahim
  • Fonction : Auteur
Mohamed Merzouki
  • Fonction : Auteur
Ismail Karaoui
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

Water erosion is a critical issue for Morocco, especially in its semi-arid regions, where climatic and edaphic conditions only allow erratic soil formation and vegetation growth. Therefore, water erosion endangers human activity both directly (loss of arable land, landslides, mudflows) and indirectly (siltation of dams, river pollution). This study is part of the Kingdom’s effort to assess the risk of water erosion in its territory. It is dedicated to the Bin El-Ouidane dam water catchment, one of the biggest water storage facilities in the country, located in the High Atlas Mountains. The poorly developed soils are very sensitive to erosion in this mountainous area that combines steep slopes and sparse vegetation cover. The calculation of soil losses is carried out with the RUSLE model and corrected by estimating areas of deposition based on the unit stream power theory. This method produces a mean erosion rate of around 6.3 t·ha–1·y–1, or an overall annual loss of 4.1 mln t, consistently with the siltation rate of the dam. Primary risk areas (erosion rates > 40 t·ha–1·y–1) account for 54% of the total losses, while they cover only 7% of the catchment. This distribution of the soil losses also shows that the erosion risk is mainly correlated to slope, directing the means of control toward mechanical interventions.
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hal-04887382 , version 1 (14-01-2025)

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Wafae Nouaim, Dimitri Rambourg, Abderrazak El Harti, Ettaqy Abderrahim, Mohamed Merzouki, et al.. The estimation of water erosion with RUSLE and deposition model: A case study of the Bin El-Ouidane dam catchment area (High Atlas, Morocco). Journal of Water and Land Development, 2023, 58, pp.136-147. ⟨10.24425/jwld.2023.146606⟩. ⟨hal-04887382⟩
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