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Article Dans Une Revue Astronomy and Astrophysics - A&A Année : 2022

A CHEOPS-enhanced view of the HD 3167 system,★

V. Bourrier (1) , A. Deline (1) , A. Krenn (2) , J. A. Egger (3) , A. C. Petit (4) , L. Malavolta (5) , M. Cretignier (1) , N. Billot (1) , C. Broeg (3) , H. -G. Florén (6) , D. Queloz (7, 8) , Y. Alibert (3) , A. Bonfanti (2) , A. S. Bonomo (9) , J. -B. Delisle (1) , O. D. S. Demangeon (10) , B. -O. Demory (11) , X. Dumusque (1) , D. Ehrenreich (1) , R. D. Haywood (12) , S. B. Howell (13) , M. Lendl (1) , A. Mortier (7, 8) , G. Nigro (14, 5) , S. Salmon (1) , S. G. Sousa (10) , T. G. Wilson (15) , V. Adibekyan (15, 16) , R. Alonso (17, 18) , G. Anglada (19, 20) , T. Bárczy , D. Barrado y Navascues (21) , S. C. C. Barros (22) , W. Baumjohann (2) , M. Beck (1) , W. Benz (3) , F. Biondi (5) , X. Bonfils (23) , A. Brandeker (24) , J. Cabrera (25) , S. Charnoz (26) , Sz. Csizmadia (25) , A. Collier Cameron (15) , M. Damasso (12) , M. B. Davies (27) , M. Deleuil (28) , L. Delrez (29) , L. Di Fabrizio (30) , A. Erikson (25) , A. Fortier (3) , L. Fossati (2) , M. Fridlund (31) , D. Gandolfi (32) , M. Gillon (29) , M. Güdel (33) , K. Heng (11) , S. Hoyer (28) , K. G. Isaak (34) , L. L. Kiss (32) , J. Laskar (35) , A. Lecavelier Des Etangs (36) , V. Lorenzi (17) , C. Lovis (1) , D. Magrin (5) , A. Massa (32) , P. F. L. Maxted (37) , V. Nascimbeni (5) , G. Olofsson (6) , R. Ottensamer (33) , I. Pagano (38) , E. Pallé (17, 18) , G. Peter (25) , G. Piotto (5) , D. Pollacco (39) , R. Ragazzoni (5) , N. Rando (40) , H. Rauer (25) , I. Ribas (19, 20) , N. C. Santos (10, 16) , G. Scandariato (38) , D. Ségransan (1) , A. E. Simon (3) , A. M. S. Smith (25) , M. Steller (2) , Gy. M. Szabó (41) , N. Thomas (3) , S. Udry (1) , V. van Grootel (42) , F. Verrecchia (43) , T. Beck (3) , M. Buder (25) , F. Ratti (40) , B. Ulmer (25) , V. Viotto (5)
1 ObsGE - Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève
2 OeAW - Austrian Academy of Sciences
3 UNIBE - Universität Bern / University of Bern
4 UCPH - University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet
5 OAPD - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova
6 AlbaNova University Center
7 D-PHYS - Department of Physics = Departement Physik [ETH Zürich]
8 Cavendish Laboratory
9 OATo - INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
10 IASTRO - Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço
11 CSH - Center for Space and Habitability
12 University of Exeter
13 ARC - NASA Ames Research Center
14 Unipd - Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua
15 University of St Andrews [Scotland]
16 Faculdade de Ciências [Lisboa]
17 IAC - Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias
18 ULL - Universidad de La Laguna [Tenerife - SP]
19 ICE-CSIC - Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai [Barcelona]
20 IEEC-CSIC - Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya
21 CAB - Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid]
22 FCUP - Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto
23 IPAG - Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble
24 Stockholm University
25 DLR - German Aerospace Center
26 IPGP (UMR_7154) - Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris
27 Skane University Hospital [Lund]
28 LAM - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
29 Université de Liège
30 Fundación Galileo Galilei - INAF
31 Leiden Observatory [Leiden]
32 UNITO - Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin
33 University of Vienna [Vienna]
34 ESTEC - European Space Research and Technology Centre
35 IMCCE - Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides
36 IAP - Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris
37 Keele University [Keele]
38 OACT - INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania
39 University of Warwick [Coventry]
40 ESA - ESTEC (Netherlands)
41 Gothard Astrophysical Observatory
42 STAR - Space Sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research Institute
43 OAR - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
T. Bárczy
  • Fonction : Auteur
M. Damasso
  • Fonction : Auteur
M. Deleuil
L. Delrez
  • Fonction : Auteur
M. Gillon
  • Fonction : Auteur
G. Peter
  • Fonction : Auteur
H. Rauer
  • Fonction : Auteur
M. Buder
  • Fonction : Auteur
B. Ulmer
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

Much remains to be understood about the nature of exoplanets smaller than Neptune, most of which have been discovered in compact multi-planet systems. With its inner ultra-short period planet b aligned with the star and two larger outer planets d-c on polar orbits, the multi-planet system HD 3167 features a peculiar architecture and offers the possibility to investigate both dynamical and atmospheric evolution processes. To this purpose we combined multiple datasets of transit photometry and radial velocimetry (RV) to revise the properties of the system and inform models of its planets. This effort was spearheaded by CHEOPS observations of HD 3167b, which appear inconsistent with a purely rocky composition despite its extreme irradiation. Overall the precision on the planetary orbital periods are improved by an order of magnitude, and the uncertainties on the densities of the transiting planets b and c are decreased by a factor of 3. Internal structure and atmospheric simulations draw a contrasting picture between HD 3167d, likely a rocky super-Earth that lost its atmosphere through photo-evaporation, and HD 3167c, a mini-Neptune that kept a substantial primordial gaseous envelope. We detect a fourth, more massive planet on a larger orbit, likely coplanar with HD 3167d-c. Dynamical simulations indeed show that the outer planetary system d-c-e was tilted, as a whole, early in the system history, when HD 3167b was still dominated by the star influence and maintained its aligned orbit. RV data and direct imaging rule out that the companion that could be responsible for the present-day architecture is still bound to the HD 3167 system. Similar global studies of multi-planet systems will tell how many share the peculiar properties of the HD 3167 system, which remains a target of choice for follow-up observations and simulations.

Radial velocity and photometry data of HD 3167 are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/668/A31

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Dates et versions

hal-03935717 , version 1 (20-01-2023)

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V. Bourrier, A. Deline, A. Krenn, J. A. Egger, A. C. Petit, et al.. A CHEOPS-enhanced view of the HD 3167 system,★. Astronomy and Astrophysics - A&A, 2022, 668, ⟨10.1051/0004-6361/202243778⟩. ⟨hal-03935717⟩
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