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Article Dans Une Revue Astronomy and Astrophysics - A&A Année : 2018

Multiple star systems in the Orion nebula

Martina Karl (1) , Oliver Pfuhl (1) , Frank Eisenhauer (1) , Reinhard Genzel (1) , Rebekka Grellmann , Maryam Habibi , Roberto Abuter (2) , Matteo Accardo (2) , António Amorim (3) , Narsireddy Anugu (4) , Gerardo Avila (2) , Myriam Benisty (5) , Jean-Philippe Berger (5) , Nicolas Blind , Henri Bonnet , Pierre Bourget (6) , Wolfgang Brandner (7) , Roland Brast (2) , Alexander Buron (1) , Alessio Caratti O Garatti , Frédéric Chapron (8) , Yann Clénet (8) , Claude Collin (8) , Vincent Coudé Du Foresto (8) , Willem-Jan de Wit (2) , Tim de Zeeuw (2) , Casey Deen (1) , Françoise Delplancke-Ströbele (2) , Roderick Dembet (2) , Frédéric Derie (2) , Jason Dexter (1) , Gilles Duvert (5) , Monica Ebert (7) , Andreas Eckart (9) , Michael Esselborn (2) , Pierre Fédou (8) , Gert Finger (2) , Paulo Garcia (10) , Cesar Enrique Garcia Dabo (2) , Rebeca Garcia Lopez (7) , Feng Gao (11) , Eric Gendron (8) , Stefan Gillessen (1) , Frédéric Gonté (2) , Paulo Gordo (12) , Ulrich Grözinger , Patricia Guajardo , Sylvain Guieu (5) , Pierre Haguenauer (2) , Oliver Hans , Xavier Haubois (13) , Marcus Haug , Frank Haussmann , Thomas Henning (7) , Stefan Hippler (7) , Matthew Horrobin (9) , Armin Huber (7) , Zoltan Hubert (8) , Norbert Hubin (2) , Gerd Jakob (2) , Lieselotte Jochum (2) , Laurent Jocou (5) , Andreas Kaufer (2) , Stefan Kellner (1) , Sarah Kendrew (14) , Lothar Kern (2) , Pierre Kervella (13) , Mario Kiekebusch (2) , Ralf Klein , Rainer Köhler , Johan Kolb (2) , Martin Kulas (7) , Sylvestre Lacour (8) , Bernard Lazareff (5) , Jean-Baptiste Le Bouquin (5) , Pierre Léna (8) , Rainer Lenzen (7) , Samuel Lévêque , Chien-Cheng Lin , Magdalena Lippa (1) , Yves Magnard (5) , Leander Mehrgan (2) , Antoine Merand (2) , Thibaut Moulin (5) , Eric Müller , Friedrich Müller (7) , Udo Neumann (7) , Sylvain Oberti (2) , Thomas Ott (15) , Laurent Pallanca (2) , Johana Panduro (7) , Luca Pasquini (16) , Thibaut Paumard (17, 8) , Isabelle Percheron (2) , Karine Perraut (5) , Guy Perrin (18, 8) , Andreas Pflüger (1) , Thanh Phan Duc (2) , Philipp M. Plewa (1) , Dan Popovic (2) , Sebastian Rabien (1) , Andres Ramirez (19) , Jose Ramos (7) , Christian Rau (1) , Miguel Riquelme (2) , Gustavo Rodriguez-Coira (8) , Ralf-Rainer Rohloff (7) , Alejandra Rosales (1) , Gérard Rousset (8) , Joel Sanchez-Bermudez (7) , Silvia Scheithauer (7) , Markus Scholler (2) , Nicolas Schuhler (6) , Jason Spyromilio (2) , Odele Straub (8) , Christian Straubmeier (9) , Eckhard Sturm (1) , Marcos Suarez , Konrad R.W. Tristram (2) , Noel Ventura (5) , Frederic Vincent (8) , Idel Waisberg (1) , Imke Wank (9) , Felix Widmann (1) , Ekkehard Wieprecht (1) , Michael Wiest (9) , Erich Wiezorrek (1) , Markus Wittkowski (2) , Julien Woillez (2) , Burkhard Wolff (2) , Senol Yazici (1) , Denis Ziegler (13) , Gerard Zins (6) , V. Lapeyrere (8)
Rebekka Grellmann
  • Fonction : Auteur
Maryam Habibi
  • Fonction : Auteur
Nicolas Blind
  • Fonction : Auteur
  • PersonId : 921737
Henri Bonnet
  • Fonction : Auteur
Alessio Caratti O Garatti
  • Fonction : Auteur
Ulrich Grözinger
  • Fonction : Auteur
Patricia Guajardo
  • Fonction : Auteur
Oliver Hans
  • Fonction : Auteur
Marcus Haug
  • Fonction : Auteur
Frank Haussmann
  • Fonction : Auteur
Thomas Henning
Sarah Kendrew
  • Fonction : Auteur
  • PersonId : 885202
Ralf Klein
  • Fonction : Auteur
Rainer Köhler
  • Fonction : Auteur
Samuel Lévêque
  • Fonction : Auteur
Chien-Cheng Lin
  • Fonction : Auteur
Eric Müller
  • Fonction : Auteur
Marcos Suarez
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

This work presents an interferometric study of the massive-binary fraction in the Orion Trapezium cluster with the recently comissioned GRAVITY instrument. We observed a total of 16 stars of mainly OB spectral type. We find three previously unknown companions for θ1 Ori B, θ2 Ori B, and θ2 Ori C. We determined a separation for the previously suspected companion of NU Ori. We confirm four companions for θ1 Ori A, θ1 Ori C, θ1 Ori D, and θ2 Ori A, all with substantially improved astrometry and photometric mass estimates. We refined the orbit of the eccentric high-mass binary θ1 Ori C and we are able to derive a new orbit for θ1 Ori D. We find a system mass of 21.7 M⊙ and a period of 53 days. Together with other previously detected companions seen in spectroscopy or direct imaging, eleven of the 16 high-mass stars are multiple systems. We obtain a total number of 22 companions with separations up to 600 AU. The companion fraction of the early B and O stars in our sample is about two, significantly higher than in earlier studies of mostly OB associations. The separation distribution hints toward a bimodality. Such a bimodality has been previously found in A stars, but rarely in OB binaries, which up to this point have been assumed to be mostly compact with a tail of wider companions. We also do not find a substantial population of equal-mass binaries. The observed distribution of mass ratios declines steeply with mass, and like the direct star counts, indicates that our companions follow a standard power law initial mass function. Again, this is in contrast to earlier findings of flat mass ratio distributions in OB associations. We excluded collision as a dominant formation mechanism but find no clear preference for core accretion or competitive accretion.
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hal-02341247 , version 1 (24-04-2023)

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Martina Karl, Oliver Pfuhl, Frank Eisenhauer, Reinhard Genzel, Rebekka Grellmann, et al.. Multiple star systems in the Orion nebula. Astronomy and Astrophysics - A&A, 2018, 620, pp.A116. ⟨10.1051/0004-6361/201833575⟩. ⟨hal-02341247⟩
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