Interfacial instability in operating lithium-ion batteries unraveled by SHINERS
Résumé
The fundamental understanding of the electrode/electrolyte interfacial processes in lithium-sodium ion batteries
(LIBs) and of their dynamics upon cycling is of prime importance for the development of new generation electrode
materials. Operando analyses using the utmost sensitive techniques are required to produce an accurate
depiction of the underlying processes at the origin of the battery performance decay. If enhanced Raman
Spectroscopy through the use of signal nano-amplifiers (SHINs) shows the required sensitivity [1,2,3,4], its
implementation in operando conditions and particularly on functional materials in contact with organic electrolytes
remains challenging. Through extensive optimization of SHINERS conditions for operando diagnosis of LIB
materials, including the design of near-infrared active amplifiers and the control of the photon dose, the dynamics
of interfacial composition upon cycling of various electrode materials in LIB coin-cells can be extracted. Interfacial
instability unraveled on both negative (Solid Electrolyte Interphase: SEI) and positive (Cathode Electrolyte
interface: CEI) electrodes can be tamed through fine tuning of the electrolyte composition.
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