Lucerne (Alfalfa) in european cropping systems
Résumé
This chapter reviews knowledge on the agronomy, genetics, feeding value and harvesting
methods used for lucerne (alfalfa; Medicago sativa), which is the temperate climate legume
species with the highest protein yield. It has agronomic advantages (high forage production,
adequate persistency and drought tolerance) and provides a high quality feed for
ruminants. Lucerne also has positive impacts on the environment such as soil structure,
nitrogen fertility, carbon storage, and plant and animal biodiversity. Lucerne production
supports sustainable farming systems. Besides seed production that generates significant
economic activity, novel uses of lucerne for human or animal health or energy production
are also being investigated. Proposals for measures to increase lucerne cultivation in European
farming systems are provided.