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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2019

3D MORPHOMETRIES OF ESKERS ON MARS, AND COMPARISONS TO ESKERS IN FINLAND

Résumé

Introduction: We present new, high-resolution measurements of the 3D morphometries of eskers associated with debris-covered glaciers in the Phlegra Mon-tes [1] and NW Tempe Terra [2] regions of Mars' northern mid-latitudes. We compare them with the ancient south polar 'Dorsa Argentea' eskers on Mars [3], and first large database (n > 20,000) of 3D morphome-tries of terrestrial eskers, from SW Finland [4]. Eskers are ridges of glaciofluvial sediment deposited by meltwater flowing through tunnels within or beneath glaciers. They are vital tools for reconstructing the dynamics, extent, and environmental drivers of wet-based glaciation on Earth and Mars. For example, reconstructions of Mars' climate conditions at the Noa-chian-Hesperian transition [e.g., 5] have relied heavily upon insights from the Dorsa Argentea eskers [e.g., 3], which record basal melting of a large south polar ice sheet ~3.5 Ga. Morphometric studies of candidate eskers on Mars are vital both for testing hypotheses of their origins as eskers [e.g., 3], and for informing insights into the magnitude and dynamics of meltwater flows that formed them [e.g., 5-6]. Previously, such work has been limited by a lack of large-scale surveys of the 3D morphometries of eskers on Earth, to which the martian landforms can be compared. A new database comprising >20 000 measurements of 3D esker morphometries from SW Finland provides new opportunities for such-comparisons, which we exploit in this study [4]. Methods: We used 1-2 m/pixel digital elevation models generated from High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) images to measure esker heights (H) and widths (W) from cross-sectional tran-sects spaced at 10 and 20 m intervals along the Phlegra Montes and NW Tempe Terra eskers, respectively (fol-lowing [3]). We calculated average slopes across cross-sectional transects (θ) as: tan −1 (H/0.5W). We classified transects into sharp-, multi-, and round-crested morphologies according to the scheme of [6]. The NW Tempe Terra esker comprises two 'stacked' esker ridges (see [7], this conference) which we treat separately in the present study. Storrar and Jones [4] obtained similar H, W, and θ measurements at 10 m intervals along ~70 km of Qua-ternary-aged eskers in SW Finland, using 2 m/pixel elevation data from airborne LiDAR.
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Dates et versions

hal-02396706 , version 1 (06-12-2019)

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  • HAL Id : hal-02396706 , version 1

Citer

F. E G Butcher, M. Balme, C. Gallagher, R D Storrar, Susan J. Conway, et al.. 3D MORPHOMETRIES OF ESKERS ON MARS, AND COMPARISONS TO ESKERS IN FINLAND. 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Mar 2019, The Woodlands, Texas, United States. ⟨hal-02396706⟩
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