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Article Dans Une Revue Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Année : 2020

Measuring the fine-structure constant on a white dwarf surface; a detailed analysis of Fe v absorption in G191−B2B

J. Hu
  • Fonction : Auteur
J.K. Webb
  • Fonction : Auteur
T.R. Ayres
  • Fonction : Auteur
M.B. Bainbridge
  • Fonction : Auteur
J.D. Barrow
  • Fonction : Auteur
M.A. Barstow
  • Fonction : Auteur
J.C. Berengut
  • Fonction : Auteur
R.F. Carswell
  • Fonction : Auteur
V. Dumont
  • Fonction : Auteur
V. Dzuba
  • Fonction : Auteur
V.V. Flambaum
  • Fonction : Auteur
C.C. Lee
  • Fonction : Auteur
N. Reindl
  • Fonction : Auteur
S.P. Preval
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

The gravitational potential ϕ = GM/Rc^2 at the surface of the white dwarf G191−B2B is 10 000 times stronger than that at the Earth’s surface. Numerous photospheric absorption features are detected, making this a suitable environment to test theories in which the fundamental constants depend on gravity. We have measured the fine-structure constant, α, at the white dwarf surface, used a newly calibrated Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph spectrum of G191−B2B, two new independent sets of laboratory Fe v wavelengths, and new atomic calculations of the sensitivity parameters that quantify Fe v wavelength dependency on α. The two results obtained are: Δα/α_0 = (6.36 ± 0.35_stat ± 1.84_sys) × 10^−5 and Δα/α_0 = (4.21 ± 0.48_stat ± 2.25_sys) × 10^−5. The measurements hint that the fine-structure constant increases slightly in the presence of strong gravitational fields. A comprehensive search for systematic errors is summarized, including possible effects from line misidentifications, line blending, stratification of the white dwarf atmosphere, the quadratic Zeeman effect and electric field effects, photospheric velocity flows, long-range wavelength distortions in the HST spectrum, and variations in the relative Fe isotopic abundances. None fully account for the observed deviation but the systematic uncertainties are heavily dominated by laboratory wavelength measurement precision.

Dates et versions

hal-02934078 , version 1 (08-09-2020)

Identifiants

Citer

J. Hu, J.K. Webb, T.R. Ayres, M.B. Bainbridge, J.D. Barrow, et al.. Measuring the fine-structure constant on a white dwarf surface; a detailed analysis of Fe v absorption in G191−B2B. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2020, 500 (1), pp.1466-1475. ⟨10.1093/mnras/staa3066⟩. ⟨hal-02934078⟩
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