Ecology and Genetic Structure of the Parasitoid Phobocampe confusa (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in Relation to Its Hosts, Aglais Species (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) - CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Insects Année : 2020

Ecology and Genetic Structure of the Parasitoid Phobocampe confusa (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in Relation to Its Hosts, Aglais Species (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

Résumé

The biology of parasitoids in natural ecosystems remains very poorly studied, though they are key species for their functioning. Here we focused on , a Nymphalini specialist, responsible for high mortality rates in charismatic butterfly species in Europe (genus ). We studied its ecology and genetic structure in connection with those of its host butterflies in Sweden. To this aim, we gathered data from 428 individuals reared from 6094 butterfly larvae (of , , and in two occasions of ) collected over two years (2017 and 2018) and across 19 sites distributed along a 500 km latitudinal gradient. We found that is widely distributed along the latitudinal gradient. Its distribution seems constrained over time by the phenology of its hosts. The large variation in climatic conditions between sampling years explains the decrease in phenological overlap between and its hosts in 2018 and the 33.5% decrease in the number of butterfly larvae infected. At least in this study, seems to favour as host. While it parasitized nests of and equally, the proportion of larvae parasitized is significantly higher for . At the landscape scale, is almost exclusively found in vegetated open land and near deciduous forests, whereas artificial habitats are negatively correlated with the likelihood of a nest to be parasitized. The genetic analyses on 89 adult and 87 adult using CO1 and AFLP markers reveal a low genetic diversity in and a lack of genetic structure in both species, at the scale of our sampling. Further genetic studies using high-resolution genomics tools will be required to better understand the population genetic structure of , its biotic interactions with its hosts, and ultimately the stability and the functioning of natural ecosystems.
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hal-02935277 , version 1 (30-09-2020)

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Hélène Audusseau, Gaspard Baudrin, Mark Shaw, Naomi Keehnen, Reto Schmucki, et al.. Ecology and Genetic Structure of the Parasitoid Phobocampe confusa (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in Relation to Its Hosts, Aglais Species (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Insects, 2020, 11 (8), pp.478. ⟨10.3390/insects11080478⟩. ⟨hal-02935277⟩
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