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Journal Articles Virus Evolution Year : 2021

The discovery, distribution and diversity of DNA viruses associated with Drosophila melanogaster in Europe

Eliza Argyridou
  • Function : Author
Paola Bellosta
  • Function : Author
Andrea Betancourt
  • Function : Author
Katarina Eric
  • Function : Author
Amanda Glaser-Schmitt
  • Function : Author
Sonja Grath
  • Function : Author
Mihailo Jelic
  • Function : Author
Maaria Kankare
  • Function : Author
Iryna Kozeretska
  • Function : Author
Volker Loeschcke
  • Function : Author
Catherine Montchamp-Moreau
  • Function : Author
Lino Ometto
Banu Sebnem Onder
  • Function : Author
Dorcas Orengo
  • Function : Author
John Parsch
  • Function : Author
Marta Pascual
  • Function : Author
Aleksandra Patenkovic
  • Function : Author
Eva Puerma
  • Function : Author
Michael Ritchie
  • Function : Author
Omar Rota-Stabelli
  • Function : Author
Mads Fristrup Schou
  • Function : Author
Svitlana Serga
  • Function : Author
Marina Stamenkovic-Radak
  • Function : Author
Marija Tanaskovic
  • Function : Author
Marija Savic Veselinovic
  • Function : Author
Jorge Vieira
  • Function : Author
Cristina Vieira
  • Function : Author
Martin Kapun
  • Function : Author
Darren Obbard
  • Function : Correspondent author
  • PersonId : 1040638

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Abstract

Drosophila melanogaster is an important model for antiviral immunity in arthropods, but very few DNA viruses have been described from the family Drosophilidae. This deficiency limits our opportunity to use natural host-pathogen combinations in experimental studies, and may bias our understanding of the Drosophila virome. Here we report fourteen DNA viruses detected in a metagenomic analysis of approximately 6500 pool-sequenced Drosophila, sampled from 47 European locations between 2014 and 2016. These include three new nudiviruses, a new and divergent entomopoxvirus, a virus related to Leptopilina boulardi filamentous virus, and a virus related to Musca domestica salivary gland hypertrophy virus. We also find an endogenous genomic copy of galbut virus, a dsRNA partitivirus, segregating at very low frequency. Remarkably, we find that Drosophila Vesanto virus, a small DNA virus previously described as a bidnavirus, may be composed of up to 12 segments and thus represent a new lineage of segmented DNA viruses. Two of the DNA viruses, Drosophila Kallithea nudivirus and Drosophila Vesanto virus are relatively common, found in 2% or more of wild flies. The others are rare, with many likely to be represented by a single infected fly. We find that virus prevalence in Europe reflects the prevalence seen in publicly-available datasets, with Drosophila Kallithea nudivirus and Drosophila Vesanto virus the only ones commonly detectable in public data from wild-caught flies and large population cages, and the other viruses being rare or absent. These analyses suggest that DNA viruses are at lower prevalence than RNA viruses in D. melanogaster, and may be less likely to persist in laboratory cultures. Our findings go some way to redressing an earlier bias toward RNA virus studies in Drosophila, and lay the foundation needed to harness the power of Drosophila as a model system for the study of DNA viruses.
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hal-03229780 , version 1 (25-10-2021)

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Megan Wallace, Kelsey Coffman, Clément Gilbert, Sanjana Ravindran, Gregory Albery, et al.. The discovery, distribution and diversity of DNA viruses associated with Drosophila melanogaster in Europe. Virus Evolution, 2021, 7 (1), pp.veab031. ⟨10.1093/ve/veab031⟩. ⟨hal-03229780⟩
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