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Article Dans Une Revue The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Année : 2007

Large Structures and Galaxy Evolution in COSMOS at z < 1.1

N. Scoville
  • Fonction : Auteur
H. Aussel
A. Benson
  • Fonction : Auteur
A. Blain
  • Fonction : Auteur
D. Calzetti
  • Fonction : Auteur
P. Capak
R. S. Ellis
  • Fonction : Auteur
A. El-Zant
  • Fonction : Auteur
A. Finoguenov
M. Giavalisco
  • Fonction : Auteur
L. Guzzo
  • Fonction : Auteur
G. Hasinger
  • Fonction : Auteur
J. Koda
  • Fonction : Auteur
R. Massey
  • Fonction : Auteur
B. Mobasher
  • Fonction : Auteur
A. Renzini
  • Fonction : Auteur
J. Rhodes
M. Salvato
  • Fonction : Auteur
D. B. Sanders
  • Fonction : Auteur
S. S. Sasaki
  • Fonction : Auteur
E. Schinnerer
K. Sheth
  • Fonction : Auteur
P. L. Shopbell
  • Fonction : Auteur
Y. Taniguchi
  • Fonction : Auteur
J. E. Taylor
  • Fonction : Auteur
D. J. Thompson
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

We present the first identification of large-scale structures (LSSs) at z<1.1 in the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS). The structures are identified from adaptive smoothing of galaxy counts in the pseudo-3D space (α, δ, z) using the COSMOS photometric redshift catalog. The technique is tested on a simulation including galaxies distributed in model clusters and a field galaxy population-recovering structures on all scales from 1' to 20' without a priori assumptions for the structure size or density profile. The COSMOS photometric redshift catalog yields a sample of 1.5×105 galaxies with redshift accuracy, ΔzFWHM/(1+z)<=0.1 at z<1.1 down to IAB<=25 mag. Using this sample of galaxies, we identify 42 LSSs and clusters. Projected surface-density maps for the structures indicate multiple peaks and internal structure in many of the most massive LSSs. The stellar masses (determined from the galactic SEDs) for the LSSs range from M*~1011 up to ~3×1013 Msolar. Five LSSs have total stellar masses exceeding 1013 Msolar. (Total masses including nonstellar baryons and dark matter are expected to be ~50-100 times greater.) The derived mass function for the LSSs is consistent (within the expected Poisson and cosmic variances) with those derived from optical and X-ray studies at lower redshift. To characterize structure evolution and for comparison with simulations, we compute a new statistic: the area filling factor as a function of the overdensity value compared to the mean at surface overdensity (fA[Σ/Σ(z)). The observationally determined fA has less than 1% of the surface area (in each redshift slice) with overdensities exceeding 10:1, and evolution to higher overdensities is seen at later epochs (lower z); both characteristics are in good agreement with what we find using similar processing on the Millennium Simulation. Although similar variations in the filling factors as a function of overdensity and redshift are seen in the observations and simulations, we do find that the observed distributions reach higher overdensities than the simulation, perhaps indicating overmerging in the simulation. All of the LSSs show a dramatic preference for earlier SED type galaxies in the denser regions of the structures, independent of redshift. The SED types in the central 1 and 1-5 Mpc regions of each structure average about one SED type earlier than the mean type at the same redshift, corresponding to a stellar population age difference of ~2-4 Gyr at z=0.3-1. We also investigate the evolution of key galactic properties-mass, luminosity, SED, and star formation rate (SFR)-with redshift and environmental density as derived from overdensities in the full pseudo-3D cube. Both the maturity of the stellar populations and the ``downsizing'' of star formation in galaxies vary strongly with redshift (epoch) and environment. For a very broad mass range (1010-1012 Msolar), we find that galaxies in dense environments tend to be older; this is not just restricted to the most massive galaxies. And in low-density environments, the most massive galaxies appear to have also been formed very early (z>2), compared to the lower mass galaxies there. Over the range z<1.1, we do not see evolution in the mass of galaxies by more than a factor of ~2 separating active and inactive star-forming galaxy populations.

Based on observations with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555 also based on data collected at the Subaru Telescope, which is operated by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan; the XMM-Newton, an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and NASA; the European Southern Observatory under Large Program 175.A-0839, Chile; Kitt Peak National Observatory (KPNO), Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO), and the National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), which are operated by AURA, Inc. under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation (NSF); the National Radio Astronomy Observatory which is a facility of the NSF operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.; and the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) with MegaPrime/MegaCam operated as a joint project by the CFHT Corporation, CEA/DAPNIA, the NRC and CADC of Canada, the CNRS of France, TERAPIX, and the University of Hawaii.

Dates et versions

hal-03646568 , version 1 (19-04-2022)

Identifiants

Citer

N. Scoville, H. Aussel, A. Benson, A. Blain, D. Calzetti, et al.. Large Structures and Galaxy Evolution in COSMOS at z < 1.1. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 2007, 172, pp.150-181. ⟨10.1086/516751⟩. ⟨hal-03646568⟩
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