%0 Journal Article %T Nonlinear ultrasonic phased array with fixed-voltage fundamental wave amplitude difference for high-selectivity imaging of closed cracks %+ Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale (LIB) %A Nakajima, Hiromichi %A Haupert, Sylvain %A Tsuji, Toshihiro %A Mihara, Tsuyoshi %Z JSPS KAKENHI %< avec comité de lecture %@ 0001-4966 %J Journal of the Acoustical Society of America %I Acoustical Society of America %V 146 %N 1 %P 266-277 %8 2019-07 %D 2019 %R 10.1121/1.5116017 %K nonlinear acoustics %K imaging %K ultrasound %K phased array %Z Nonlinear Sciences [physics] %Z Physics [physics]Journal articles %X The nondestructive evaluation of closed cracks is a challenging subject in ultrasonic testing.Recently, nonlinear ultrasonic phased array with fixed-voltage fundamental wave amplitude differ-ence (fixed-voltage FAD) has been proposed as a practical approach. In this study, the maximumincident wave amplitude, which is one of the most critical parameters in closed-crack imaging, wasinvestigated. First, a theoretical model was formulated to explicitly show the essence of the funda-mental principle of FAD and the advantage of fixed-voltage FAD over different-voltage FAD. Inexperiments, the authors imaged a closed fatigue crack using a nonlinear ultrasonic phased arraywith fixed-voltage FAD while varying the incident wave amplitude. It was found that when the inci-dent wave amplitude was sufficiently high, the nonlinear image visualized the closed crack tip,which could not be visualized in linear images. In addition, the incident-wave-amplitude depen-dence of the nonlinear responses was quantified. It was found that different parts within a singlefatigue crack showed different nonlinear behaviors. This suggests that fixed-voltage FAD is usefulnot only for practical application of closed crack imaging but also for examining the nonlineardynamics at various parts of closed cracks with a high spatial resolution. %G English %L hal-03933058 %U https://cnrs.hal.science/hal-03933058 %~ CNRS %~ LIB %~ SORBONNE-UNIVERSITE %~ SORBONNE-UNIV %~ SU-SCIENCES %~ ALLIANCE-SU