Light pollution, a complex real-world problem to be tackled through an interdisciplinary approach
Résumé
The problems of light pollution and the unprecedented issues raised by its management in the many territories currently concerned with the preservation of the nocturnal environment are complex real-world problems. This complexity and the need to grasp these issues in their entirety are now forcing researchers to go beyond traditional disciplinary approaches to truly interdisciplinary studies at the interface between the sciences of the Universe, the environmental sciences and the social sciences. In order to organize this production of interdisciplinary knowledge and encourage its transfer to territorial action, the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) has created in 2021 the Nocturnal Environment Observatory (NEO — https://observatoire-environnement-nocturne.cnrs.fr/en/). Through its research programs, actions and partnerships with various territories, the Nocturnal Environment Observatory brings together a large community of scientists from different disciplines and institutions (social and natural sciences, sciences of the Universe, engineering and environmental physics), experts from different and complementary professional fields, as well as agents at the service of protected area management structures and territorial projects. Through the case study of Reunion island — a densely inhabited area under severe ecological constraints — we will present the objectives, the analytical framework, the tools and the methods of the NEO. We will show the concrete contributions to territorial action of a radically interdisciplinary research on the nocturnal environment, a socio-ecosystemic object built on the foundations of the Dark-sky movement, and therefore owes much to the work of the astronomical community since the second half of the 20th century.
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