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Article Dans Une Revue Nature Communications Année : 2016

ISG15 deficiency and increased viral resistance in humans but not mice.

Zhi Li
Béatrice Payelle-Brogard
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Résumé

ISG15 is an interferon (IFN)-a/b-induced ubiquitin-like protein. It exists as a free molecule, intracellularly and extracellularly, and conjugated to target proteins. Studies in mice have demonstrated a role for Isg15 in antiviral immunity. By contrast, human ISG15 was shown to have critical immune functions, but not in antiviral immunity. Namely, free extracellular ISG15 is crucial in IFN-g-dependent antimycobacterial immunity, while free intracellular ISG15 is crucial for USP18-mediated downregulation of IFN-a/b signalling. Here we describe ISG15-deficient patients who display no enhanced susceptibility to viruses in vivo, in stark contrast to Isg15-deficient mice. Furthermore, fibroblasts derived from ISG15-deficient patients display enhanced antiviral protection, and expression of ISG15 attenuates viral resistance to WT control levels. The species-specific gain-of-function in antiviral immunity observed in ISG15 deficiency is explained by the requirement of ISG15 to sustain USP18 levels in humans, a mechanism not operating in mice.
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pasteur-02070604 , version 1 (18-03-2019)

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Scott D Speer, Zhi Li, Sofija Buta, Béatrice Payelle-Brogard, Li Qian, et al.. ISG15 deficiency and increased viral resistance in humans but not mice.. Nature Communications, 2016, 7, pp.11496. ⟨10.1038/ncomms11496⟩. ⟨pasteur-02070604⟩

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