Study of the inhibition efficiency of DTPMPA on calcium carbonate formation via advanced tools
Abstract
The inhibition efficiency of a scale inhibitor, named diethylene triamine penta (methylene
phosphonic acid) (DTPMPA), was evaluated using fast controlled precipitation (FCP) method,
electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), quartz crystal microbalance with
dissipation (QCM-D) and pre-scaled quartz crystal microbalance (SQCM). The results showed
that DTPMPA delayed the CaCO3 precipitation and decreased the precipitation rate of the
CaCO3 formation in solution and on a metallic surface, depending on the inhibitor
concentration. In some cases, it could completely inhibit CaCO3 formation. CaCO3
precipitation was completely inhibited in solution and on a metallic surface in the presence of
0.5 mgL–1 and 4 mgL–1 DTPMPA, according to FCP and EQCM results, respectively. The
morphology and composition of CaCO3 crystals formed were studied using SEM and XRD
showing that the presence of the inhibitor promoted the formation of calcite. This is the first
time that the influence of an organic inhibitor was studied using the combination of QCM
methods, where the results revealed a reduction of the surface coverage by a CaCO3 layer as
the inhibitor concentration increased. The activation energies were calculated in the presence
of DTPMPA and indicated that the inhibitor retarded the scaling process.