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Article Dans Une Revue The Astronomical Journal Année : 2020

A Pair of TESS Planets Spanning the Radius Valley around the Nearby Mid-M Dwarf LTT 3780

Ryan Cloutier (1) , Jason Eastman (1) , Joseph Rodriguez (1) , Nicola Astudillo-Defru (2) , Xavier Bonfils (3) , Annelies Mortier (4) , Christopher Watson (5) , Manu Stalport (6) , Matteo Pinamonti (7) , Florian Lienhard (4) , Avet Harutyunyan (8) , Mario Damasso (7) , David Latham (1) , Karen Collins (1) , Robert Massey (9) , Jonathan Irwin (1) , Jennifer Winters (1) , David Charbonneau (1) , Carl Ziegler (10) , Elisabeth Matthews (11) , Ian Crossfield (12) , Laura Kreidberg (1) , Samuel Quinn (1) , George Ricker (11) , Roland Vanderspek (11) , Sara Seager (11, 13, 14) , Joshua Winn (15) , Jon Jenkins (16) , Michael Vezie (11) , Stéphane Udry (6) , Joseph Twicken (16, 17) , Peter Tenenbaum (16) , Alessandro Sozzetti (7) , Damien Ségransan (6) , Joshua Schlieder (18) , Dimitar Sasselov (1) , Nuno Santos (19, 20) , Ken Rice (21) , Benjamin Rackham (11) , Ennio Poretti (8, 22) , Giampaolo Piotto (23) , David Phillips (1) , Francesco Pepe (6) , Emilio Molinari (24) , Lucile Mignon (3) , Giuseppina Micela (25) , Claudio Melo (26) , José de Medeiros (27) , Michel Mayor (6) , Rachel Matson (28) , Aldo Martinez Fiorenzano (8) , Andrew Mann (29) , Antonio Magazzú (8) , Christophe Lovis (6) , Mercedes López-Morales (1) , Eric Lopez (18) , Jack Lissauer (16) , Sébastien Lépine (30) , Nicholas Law (29) , John Kielkopf (31) , John Johnson (1) , Eric Jensen (32) , Steve Howell (16) , Erica Gonzales (33) , Adriano Ghedina (8) , Thierry Forveille (3) , Pedro Figueira (26) , Xavier Dumusque (19) , Courtney Dressing (34) , René Doyon (35) , Rodrigo Díaz (36) , Luca Di Fabrizio (8) , Xavier Delfosse (3) , Rosario Cosentino (8) , Dennis Conti (9) , Kevin Collins (37) , Andrew Collier Cameron (38) , David Ciardi (39) , Douglas Caldwell (16) , Christopher Burke (11) , Lars Buchhave (40) , César Briceño (41) , Patricia Boyd (18) , François Bouchy (6) , Charles Beichman (42) , Étienne Artigau (35) , Jose Manuel Almenara (3)
1 CfA - Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
2 UCSC - Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción
3 IPAG - Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble
4 Cavendish Laboratory
5 ARC - Astrophysics Research Centre [Belfast]
6 ObsGE - Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève
7 OATo - INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino
8 Fundacion Galileo Galilei
9 AAVSO - American Association of Variable Star Observers
10 Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics [Toronto]
11 MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research
12 KU - University of Kansas [Lawrence]
13 EAPS - Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences [MIT, Cambridge]
14 Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics [Cambridge]
15 Princeton University
16 ARC - NASA Ames Research Center
17 SETI Institute
18 GSFC - NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
19 IASTRO - Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço
20 FCUP - Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto
21 SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [Edinburgh]
22 OAB - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera
23 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Galileo Galilei"
24 OAC - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari
25 OAPa - INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo
26 ESO - European Southern Observatory [Santiago]
27 UFRN - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte [Natal]
28 U.S. Naval Observatory
29 UNC - University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill]
30 Georgia State University
31 University of Louisville
32 Swarthmore College
33 UC Santa Cruz - University of California [Santa Cruz]
34 UC Berkeley - University of California [Berkeley]
35 UdeM - Université de Montréal
36 ECyT - Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología [San Martín]
37 George Mason University [Fairfax]
38 SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [University of St Andrews]
39 Caltech Department of Astronomy [Pasadena]
40 DTU Space - National Space Institute [Lyngby]
41 CTIO - Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory
42 NExScI - NASA ExoPlanet Science Institute
David Latham
Joshua Winn
Jon Jenkins
Joshua Schlieder
Rachel Matson
Andrew Mann
Jack Lissauer
John Kielkopf
Eric Jensen
Steve Howell
René Doyon
Kevin Collins
Charles Beichman
Étienne Artigau

Résumé

We present the confirmation of two new planets transiting the nearby mid-M dwarf LTT 3780 (TIC 36724087, TOI-732, V = 13.07, K s = 8.204, R s = 0.374 R ⊙, M s = 0.401 M ⊙, d = 22 pc). The two planet candidates are identified in a single Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite sector and validated with reconnaissance spectroscopy, ground-based photometric follow-up, and high-resolution imaging. With measured orbital periods of P b = 0.77, P c = 12.25 days and sizes r p,b = 1.33 ± 0.07, r p,c = 2.30 ± 0.16 R ⊕, the two planets span the radius valley in period–radius space around low-mass stars, thus making the system a laboratory to test competing theories of the emergence of the radius valley in that stellar mass regime. By combining 63 precise radial velocity measurements from the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) and HARPS-N, we measure planet masses of ${m}_{p,b}={2.62}_{-0.46}^{+0.48}$ and ${m}_{p,c}={8.6}_{-1.3}^{+1.6}$ M ⊕, which indicates that LTT 3780b has a bulk composition consistent with being Earth-like, while LTT 3780c likely hosts an extended H/He envelope. We show that the recovered planetary masses are consistent with predictions from both photoevaporation and core-powered mass-loss models. The brightness and small size of LTT 3780, along with the measured planetary parameters, render LTT 3780b and c as accessible targets for atmospheric characterization of planets within the same planetary system and spanning the radius valley.
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hal-03104107 , version 1 (22-07-2024)

Identifiants

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Ryan Cloutier, Jason Eastman, Joseph Rodriguez, Nicola Astudillo-Defru, Xavier Bonfils, et al.. A Pair of TESS Planets Spanning the Radius Valley around the Nearby Mid-M Dwarf LTT 3780. The Astronomical Journal, 2020, 160 (1), pp.3. ⟨10.3847/1538-3881/ab91c2⟩. ⟨hal-03104107⟩
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