Possibility and Challenges of Conversion of Current Virus Species Names to Linnaean Binomials
Thomas S. Postler
(1)
,
Anna N. Clawson
(2)
,
Gaya K. Amarasinghe
(3)
,
Christopher F. Basler
(4)
,
Sbina Bavari
(5)
,
Mária Benko
(6)
,
Kim R. Blasdell
(7)
,
Thomas Briese
(8)
,
Michael J. Buchmeier
(9)
,
Alexander Bukreyev
(10)
,
Charles H. Calisher
(11)
,
Kartik Chandran
(12)
,
Rémi Charrel
(13, 14)
,
Christopher S. Clegg
(15)
,
Peter L. Collins
(16)
,
de La Torre Juan Carlos
(17)
,
Joseph L. Derisi
(18)
,
Ralf G. Dietzgen
(19)
,
Olga Dolnik
(20)
,
Ralf Dürrwald
(21)
,
John M. Dye
(5)
,
Andrew J. Easton
(22)
,
Sébastian Emonet
(23)
,
Pierre Formenty
(24)
,
Ron A. M. Fouchier
(25)
,
Elodie Ghedin
(26)
,
Jean-Paul Gonzalez
(27)
,
Balázs Harrach
(6)
,
Roger Hewson
(28)
,
Masayuki Horie
(29)
,
Dàohóng Jiang
(30)
,
Gary Kobinger
(31)
,
Hideki Kondo
(32)
,
Andrew M. Kropinski
(33)
,
Mart Krupovic
(34)
,
Gael Kurath
(35)
,
Robert A. Lamb
(36)
,
Eric M. Leroy
(37)
,
Igor S. Lukashevich
(38)
,
Andrea Maisner
(20)
,
Arcady R. Mushegian
(39)
,
Sergey V. Netesov
(40)
,
Norbert Nowotny
(41, 42)
,
Jean L. Patterson
(43)
,
Susan L. Payne
(44)
,
Janusz T. Paweska
(45)
,
Clarence J. Peters
(10)
,
Sheli R. Radoshitzky
(5)
,
Bertus K. Rima
(46)
,
Victor Romanowski
(47)
,
Dennis Rubbenstroth
(48)
,
Sead Sabanadzovic
(49)
,
Hélène Sanfaçon
(50)
,
Maria S. Salvato
(51)
,
Martin Schwemmle
(48)
,
Sophie J. Smither
(52)
,
Mark D. Stenglein
(53)
,
David M. Stone
(54)
,
Ayato Takada
(55)
,
Robert B. Tesh
(10)
,
Keizo Tomonaga
(56)
,
Noël Tordo
(57, 58)
,
Jonathan S. Towner
(59)
,
Nikos Vasilakis
(10)
,
Viktor E. Volchkov
(60)
,
Victoria Wahl-Jensen
(61)
,
Peter J. Walker
(62)
,
Lin-Fa Wang
(63, 64)
,
Arvind Varsani
(65)
,
Anna E. Whitfield
(66)
,
F. Murilo Zerbini
(67)
,
Jens H. Kuhn
(2)
1
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons
2 Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
3 Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
4 Georgia State University
5 USAMRIID - U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases
6 ATK TAKI - Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry
7 CSIRO - Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Australia]
8 Columbia Mailman School of Public Health
9 UC Irvine - University of California [Irvine]
10 UTMB - The University of Texas Medical Branch
11 College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences,
12 Albert Einstein College of Medicine [New York]
13 EPV - Emergence des Pathologies Virales
14 IHU Marseille - Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection
15 Les Mandinaux
16 NIAID-NIH - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda]
17 Department of Immunology and Microbial Science
18 Department of Medicine [San Francisco]
19 QAAFI - Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation
20 Philipps Universität Marburg = Philipps University of Marburg
21 IDT Biologika
22 School of Life Sciences
23 Unité de Virologie
24 OMS / WHO - Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office [Genève, Suisse]
25 Department of Viroscience [Rotterdam, The Netherlands]
26 Center for Genomics and Systems Biology
27 Health for Development
28 PHE - Public Health England [Salisbury]
29 Kagoshima University
30 State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology
31 Research Centre in Infectious Diseases, CHUL Research Centre and Department of Microbiology and Immunology
32 Institute of Plant Science and Resources
33 University of Guelph
34 BMGE - Biologie Moléculaire du Gène chez les Extrêmophiles
35 US Geological Survey [Seattle]
36 Northwestern University [Evanston]
37 CIRMF - Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville
38 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
39 Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Infectious Disease
40 NSU - Novosibirsk State University
41 Vetmeduni - University of Veterinary Medicine [Vienna]
42 MBRU - Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences
43 Texas Biomedical Research Institute [San Antonio, TX]
44 College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
45 NICD - National Institute for Communicable Diseases [Johannesburg]
46 QUB - Queen's University [Belfast]
47 IBBM - Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular [La Plata]
48 Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg = University of Freiburg
49 BCH-EPP - Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology [Mstate, USA]
50 Summerland Research and Development Centre
51 University of Maryland School of Medicine
52 Dstl - Defence Science and Technology Laboratory
53 Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology
54 CEFAS - Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science [Weymouth]
55 Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan]
56 Institute for Virus Research
57 Stratégies antivirales
58 Institut Pasteur de Guinée
59 Viral Special Pathogens Branch
60 BMPV - Bases moléculaires de la pathogénicité virale – Molecular Basis of Viral Pathogenicity [CIRI]
61 National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center [Frederick]
62 CSIRO Health & Biosecurity
63 Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
64 Duke-NUS Medical School [Singapore]
65 Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics
66 Kansas State University
67 BIOAGRO - Departamento de Fitopatologia [Viçosa, Brazil]
2 Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
3 Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
4 Georgia State University
5 USAMRIID - U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases
6 ATK TAKI - Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry
7 CSIRO - Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Australia]
8 Columbia Mailman School of Public Health
9 UC Irvine - University of California [Irvine]
10 UTMB - The University of Texas Medical Branch
11 College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences,
12 Albert Einstein College of Medicine [New York]
13 EPV - Emergence des Pathologies Virales
14 IHU Marseille - Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection
15 Les Mandinaux
16 NIAID-NIH - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda]
17 Department of Immunology and Microbial Science
18 Department of Medicine [San Francisco]
19 QAAFI - Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation
20 Philipps Universität Marburg = Philipps University of Marburg
21 IDT Biologika
22 School of Life Sciences
23 Unité de Virologie
24 OMS / WHO - Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office [Genève, Suisse]
25 Department of Viroscience [Rotterdam, The Netherlands]
26 Center for Genomics and Systems Biology
27 Health for Development
28 PHE - Public Health England [Salisbury]
29 Kagoshima University
30 State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology
31 Research Centre in Infectious Diseases, CHUL Research Centre and Department of Microbiology and Immunology
32 Institute of Plant Science and Resources
33 University of Guelph
34 BMGE - Biologie Moléculaire du Gène chez les Extrêmophiles
35 US Geological Survey [Seattle]
36 Northwestern University [Evanston]
37 CIRMF - Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville
38 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
39 Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Infectious Disease
40 NSU - Novosibirsk State University
41 Vetmeduni - University of Veterinary Medicine [Vienna]
42 MBRU - Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences
43 Texas Biomedical Research Institute [San Antonio, TX]
44 College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
45 NICD - National Institute for Communicable Diseases [Johannesburg]
46 QUB - Queen's University [Belfast]
47 IBBM - Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular [La Plata]
48 Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg = University of Freiburg
49 BCH-EPP - Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology [Mstate, USA]
50 Summerland Research and Development Centre
51 University of Maryland School of Medicine
52 Dstl - Defence Science and Technology Laboratory
53 Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology
54 CEFAS - Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science [Weymouth]
55 Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan]
56 Institute for Virus Research
57 Stratégies antivirales
58 Institut Pasteur de Guinée
59 Viral Special Pathogens Branch
60 BMPV - Bases moléculaires de la pathogénicité virale – Molecular Basis of Viral Pathogenicity [CIRI]
61 National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center [Frederick]
62 CSIRO Health & Biosecurity
63 Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry
64 Duke-NUS Medical School [Singapore]
65 Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics
66 Kansas State University
67 BIOAGRO - Departamento de Fitopatologia [Viçosa, Brazil]
Kartik Chandran
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 771121
- ORCID : 0000-0003-0232-7077
Rémi Charrel
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 765912
- ORCID : 0000-0002-7675-8251
- IdRef : 129311200
Mart Krupovic
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 171469
- IdHAL : mart-krupovic
- ORCID : 0000-0001-5486-0098
- IdRef : 183277643
Sead Sabanadzovic
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 793132
- ORCID : 0000-0002-2995-2633
Noël Tordo
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 858524
- ORCID : 0000-0001-5873-059X
- IdRef : 034211721
Viktor E. Volchkov
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 757053
- ORCID : 0000-0001-7896-8706
- IdRef : 112209769
Arvind Varsani
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 765062
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4111-2415
Résumé
Botanical, mycological, zoological, and prokaryotic species names follow the Linnaean format, consisting of an italicized Latinized binomen with a capitalized genus name and a lower case species epithet (e.g., Homo sapiens). Virus species names, however, do not follow a uniform format, and, even when binomial, are not Linnaean in style. In this thought exercise, we attempted to convert all currently official names of species included in the virus family Arenaviridae and the virus order Mononegavirales to Linnaean binomials, and to identify and address associated challenges and concerns. Surprisingly, this endeavor was not as complicated or time-consuming as even the authors of this article expected when conceiving the experiment. [Arenaviridae; binomials; ICTV; International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses; Mononegavirales; virus nomenclature; virus taxonomy.].
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