Stem Cell DNA Damage and Genome Mutation in the Context of Aging and Cancer Initiation - CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology Année : 2020

Stem Cell DNA Damage and Genome Mutation in the Context of Aging and Cancer Initiation

Résumé

Adult stem cells fuel tissue homeostasis and regeneration through their unique ability to self-renew and differentiate into specialized cells. Thus, their DNA provides instructions that impact the tissue as a whole. Since DNA is not an inert molecule, but rather dynamic, interacting with a myriad of chemical and physical factors, it encounters damage from both endogenous and exogenous sources. Damage to DNA introduces deviations from its normal intact structure and, if left unrepaired, may result in a genetic mutation. In turn, mutant genomes of stem and progenitor cells are inherited in cells of the lineage, thus eroding the genetic information that maintains homeostasis of the somatic cell population. Errors arising in stem and progenitor cells will have a substantially larger impact on the tissue in which they reside than errors occurring in postmitotic differentiated cells. Therefore, maintaining the integrity of genomic DNA within our stem cells is essential to protect the instructions necessary for rebuilding healthy tissues during homeostatic renewal. In this review, we will first discuss DNA damage arising in stem cells and cell- and tissue-intrinsic mechanisms that protect against harmful effects of this damage. Secondly, we will examine how erroneous DNA repair and persistent DNA damage in stem and progenitor cells impact stem cells and tissues in the context of cancer initiation and aging. Finally, we will discuss the use of invertebrate and vertebrate model systems to address unanswered questions on the role that DNA damage and mutation may play in aging and precancerous conditions.

Domaines

Cancer
Fichier principal
Vignette du fichier
Zouabi et Bardin - 2020 - Stem Cell DNA Damage and Genome Mutation in the Co.pdf (3.49 Mo) Télécharger le fichier
Origine : Fichiers produits par l'(les) auteur(s)

Dates et versions

hal-03037531 , version 1 (03-12-2020)

Identifiants

Citer

Lara Al Zouabi, Allison Bardin. Stem Cell DNA Damage and Genome Mutation in the Context of Aging and Cancer Initiation. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, 2020, 12 (10), pp.a036210. ⟨10.1101/cshperspect.a036210⟩. ⟨hal-03037531⟩
102 Consultations
122 Téléchargements

Altmetric

Partager

Gmail Facebook X LinkedIn More