The excavations and surveys carried out by the Saudi-Italian-French archaeological project at Dûmat al-Jandal (Jawf province) have recently yielded major discoveries on the history and environment of this well-known oasis - notably a Neolithic cultic platform, a fortified area, a hydraulic network (qanat), as well as an exceptional rock art site (Camel site). It will be the objective of this lecture to present and discuss these results, which deeply modify our understanding of the human presence in this isolated region of northern Arabia.