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Journal Articles Frontiers in Immunology Year : 2022

Editorial: Immune cells and inflammatory mediators in mucosal pathologies, volume II

Abstract

Mucosal tissues are the largest surface of exposed to the great heterogeneity of foreign antigens. This means that numerous mechanisms involving the innate immunity efficiently prevent the adherence and subsequent entry of most potentially pathogenic microorganisms. In this context, the epithelial cells play an essential role as the first mechanical and chemical barrier since, they play a selective role in the passage of macromolecules, ions, fluids and gas exchange at the level of the airways. Breakdown of this barrier leads to recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or damage signals (DAMPs) and subsequent activation of NFkB pathway inducing the secretion of cytokines initiating the inflammatory cascade. Reviews and original research papers in this issue, provide novel approaches in relation to the mechanisms associated with the innate response both in lung and colonic tract. Given the various disorders affecting these tissues resulting in dysbiosis and a loss of normal homeostasis at the mucosa level, the contribution of new advances and novel approaches focused on the mechanism involved in early immune responses. These advances will be essential to allow better comprehension and management of diseases. Several inflammatory mediators are implicated in mucosal pathologies. Among them, the nucleotide-binding domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLR) family plays an important role as intracellular sensors. In fact, NLRs sense microbial-associated and damageassociated molecular patterns and play a central role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and host defense against pathogens. The interesting review by Alvarez-Simon et al. is an update on the central role of NLRs in asthma, the most common airway disorder. They summarized the main features of NLRs, their importance in controlling immune responses in experimental models of asthma and their potential role in the pathogenesis of human disorder. The authors also described the therapeutic targeting Frontiers in Immunology frontiersin.org 01
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hal-03938927 , version 1 (14-01-2023)

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Maria Leite-De-Moraes, Marcello Chieppa, Mónica Vermeulen. Editorial: Immune cells and inflammatory mediators in mucosal pathologies, volume II. Frontiers in Immunology, 2022, 13, pp.10921946. ⟨10.3389/fimmu.2022.1092146⟩. ⟨hal-03938927⟩

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