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Journal Articles Nature Communications Year : 2022

Structural basis for activation of DNMT1

Amika Kikuchi
Yoshie Chiba
Atsushi Yamagata
Mikako Shirouzu
Naruhiko Adachi
Haruhiko Koseki
Atsuya Nishiyama
Kyohei Arita

Abstract

Abstract DNMT1 is an essential enzyme that maintains genomic DNA methylation, and its function is regulated by mechanisms that are not yet fully understood. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of human DNMT1 bound to its two natural activators: hemimethylated DNA and ubiquitinated histone H3. We find that a hitherto unstudied linker, between the RFTS and CXXC domains, plays a key role for activation. It contains a conserved α-helix which engages a crucial “Toggle” pocket, displacing a previously described inhibitory linker, and allowing the DNA Recognition Helix to spring into the active conformation. This is accompanied by large-scale reorganization of the inhibitory RFTS and CXXC domains, allowing the enzyme to gain full activity. Our results therefore provide a mechanistic basis for the activation of DNMT1, with consequences for basic research and drug design.
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Dates and versions

hal-04005354 , version 1 (26-02-2023)

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Amika Kikuchi, Hiroki Onoda, Satomi Kori, Shun Matsuzawa, Yoshie Chiba, et al.. Structural basis for activation of DNMT1. Nature Communications, 2022, 13 (1), pp.7130. ⟨10.1038/s41467-022-34779-4⟩. ⟨hal-04005354⟩

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