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Article Dans Une Revue Journal of Raman Spectroscopy Année : 2018

Determining the number of layers in few-layer graphene by combining Raman spectroscopy and optical contrast

Maxime Bayle
Perine Landois
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Ahmed Azmi Zahab
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Luc Henrard
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Jean-Louis Sauvajol
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Résumé

Raman spectroscopy is commonly used to determine the number of layers of few-layer graphene (FLG) samples. In this work, we focus on the criteria based on the G-band integrated intensity and on the laser optical contrast. Limitations due to stacking order are discussed and lead to the conclusion that it is necessary to combine Raman and optical contrast to avoid misinterpretation. Both methods enable to distinguish unambiguously between single layer graphene and multilayer graphene. However, neither each method separately nor the combination of the two enable a determination of the number of layers for all possible stacking orientations. Importantly, since the two methods always significantly disagree when they fail, the comparison of the values deduced by each method allows to discriminate if the determined number of layers can be specified or not. Other important parameters (substrate, laser wavelength, objective numerical aperture) are discussed to define a reliable method to determine the number of graphene layers in FLG and its domain of validity. The proposed method which combines Raman and optical contrast measurements, carried out with a 532 nm laser and using a 100x objective with a numerical aperture of 0.9, allows the determination of the number of layers for (up to 5) FLG on the following substrates: (i) glass (soda lime glass or similar with refractive index between 1.50 and 1.55) and (ii) oxidized silicon (SiO2 on silicon, with a SiO2 thickness of 90 ± 5 nm). The method is however limited to high quality graphene and FLG with small defect density and low residue.
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Dates et versions

hal-01724311 , version 1 (06-03-2018)

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Maxime Bayle, Nicolas Reckinger, Alexandre Felten, Perine Landois, Ophélie Lancry, et al.. Determining the number of layers in few-layer graphene by combining Raman spectroscopy and optical contrast. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 2018, Raman study of graphene and related 2D materials, 49, pp.36-45. ⟨10.1002/jrs.5279⟩. ⟨hal-01724311⟩
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