Actinides are elements whose isotopes are all naturally radioactive. Today, these elements are widely used in various fields, including the nuclear industry, defense, and medicine, but their widespread use also poses significant environmental and health risks. Scientists have been striving to develop effective methods for managing radioactive pollutants in order to protect ecosystems and human health. Conventional remediation techniques, such as ion exchange and membrane separation, are often hampered by high costs, low efficiency and the production of secondary pollutants. In recent years, the search for innovative materials and technologies for radionuclide decontamination has intensified, driven by the need to better protect the environment and guarantee public safety. Among the various approaches, polymeric materials have emerged as particularly promising candidates, offering advanced properties and increased efficiency in the treatment of radioactive contamination. For example, complexing polymers contain functional groups that enable them to selectively bind metal ions, making them highly effective in decontamination processes. This contribution highlights recent advances in actinide decontamination research conducted by teams at the University of Montpellier, specifically within IBMM and ICGM.1,2,3 Our research has led to the development of phosphorus-containing polymers that demonstrate exceptional ability to complex radionuclides. These polymers are water-soluble and can form hydrogels at suitable concentrations and temperatures or be fabricated into films, enhancing their versatility for various applications. These polymers, with their strong affinity for actinides, hold significant promise for effective actinide recovery and environmental protection.